Variable: comp1.Disp. You can fix this by pressing 'F12' on your keyboard, Selecting 'Document Mode' and choosing 'standards' (or the latest version It contained both the high and low points for that academic semester; the lab portion was a lot of fun, learning about (read: playing with) the different soils and clays existing in the state of Georgia. Here is an interesting question: How can we easily probe the solution at a point that is moving in time, but associated with a stationary geometry? In these first two examples, the Use source map check box in the Source section of the settings window has been left unchecked. I suppose by point 2 you are referring to the second plot. Using source and destination maps to define implicit relations between source and destination coordinates in a General Extrusion operator. When using Linear Extrusion operators, we visually indicate the mappings for enough points (bases) and COMSOL Multiphysics figures out how to transform the remaining points. Mapping of data between different components in the model to perform submodeling, Mapping between components to extract results on different geometries. Email: support@comsol.com. General Extrusions, Inc. produces aluminum extrusions in compliance with RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) requirements. In the case of General Extrusion operators, we write out the mathematical description of the mapping for an arbitrary point in the destination. You can fix this by pressing 'F12' on your keyboard, Selecting 'Document Mode' and choosing 'standards' (or the latest version This time in the x direction and using the second general extrusion operator in the u0 field. I am trying to use the same for droplet evaporation. L(x,y) = \int_{o}^{x}\sqrt{1+(y\prime)^2}d\tau = \frac{x}{2}\sqrt{1+4(\frac{x}{d})^2}+\frac{d}{4}\ln(2\frac{x}{d}+\sqrt{1+4(\frac{x}{d})^2}). Given an expression defined on a plane, e.g., the xy-plane, it is desired to map this . I wonder when will you post about Mapping Cross-Sectional Data? Add a second distribution for the bottom boundary, and enter 2 for the number of elements. Example 1 In our earlier blog post on Linear Extrusion operators, we considered an affine mapping that pairs up points 1, 4, and 2 in the source domain to points 1, 5, and 3 in the destination domain. But finally COMSOL basics is a PDE solver tool for a given subset of useful functions, of the type used for common physics (that fits in the global or coefficient form. To explore the use of General Extrusion operators in other types of situations, consult the following blog posts: By providing your email address, you consent to receive emails from COMSOL AB and its affiliates about the COMSOL Blog, and agree that COMSOL may process your information according to its Privacy Policy. Mapping of data defined on a boundary (left) along the direction normal to the plane and into a volume (right). Thanks in advance. For this example, we will be modeling in 2D plane strain, using the solid mechanics interface and a stationary study. It can be used for a variety of different purposes, examples of which are presented here. I am also troubled by such a problem of time-dependent coordinates. Note that a Linear Extrusion operator cannot be used here. We need to provide T_d and T_s, such that. A 2D parabolic curve given by \frac{y}{d} =(\frac{ x}{d})^2 is in a square domain of side d. Our task is to build an operator that maps data from this curve (represented in blue in the figure below) to different parts of the square. Note that the source map needs to be one-to-one for the inverse to exist. If the structural boundary conditions are not axisymmetric, we can save time by performing an axisymmetric thermal analysis in one component, and then mapping the temperature from the 2D axisymmetric domain to the 3D domain for structural analysis in another component. The General Extrusion coupling's 'Mesh search method' is very important for model performance in largers models #resolventtip: Get the best performance out your 'General Extrusion'-coupling in Comsol Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. Editing and Repairing Imported Meshes in COMSOL Multiphysics, Exploiting Hardware Parallelism with COMSOL Batch Sweeps, The Graphics Window: Effective and Beautiful Postprocessing, Thank you so much for this article, I was in need of something that shows the mathematical operations of the extrusion coupling. First, did you only the repeating unit in your graphics window before using the General Extrusion and Periodic Boundary conditions node or was it the entire geometry? It is also possible to define the mapping in terms of coordinate systems. Settings used to map data from a boundary parallel to the xy-plane along the z direction. Second, I used the defined the Variable Disp three times as in the images above but with different values (with increments in the periodic direction specified) while the destination map setting had as input z-Disp as suggested above but I got the error Error in multiphysics compilation. Duplicate parameter/variable name. To map the solution from one domain into the other domains that are offset by a known displacement along the x-axis, the destination map uses the expression x-Disp for the x-expression. The company produces standard and custom aluminum extrusions for manufacturers in the appliance, medical equipment, transportation, and automotive markets, among others. The settings for this feature are illustrated below. For the y-axis data, the expression is y, and for the x axis, the expression is u, with millimeters as units. Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. We want a depth ranging from 0 to -26 meters with a step size of two meters. You can learn more about the use of projection operators in this previous blog post. Gaining Understanding of Complex Phenomena with Virtual Laboratories, The Graphics Window: Effective and Beautiful Postprocessing, How to Use Maximum Likelihood for Parameter Estimation in COMSOL, Thank you for your Blog. The geometry has been previously created for this model, but all the steps are outlined in the model file to build the upper and lower layers of the soil, as well as the retaining wall and three embedded struts. Thus, two extrusion operators are required. Ivar. Currently we are ISO 9001 certified. The flow solution on this unit cell is also plotted, as shown below. Data transfer between components is performed using the COMSOL built-in "General Extrusion" coupling operator, and the iterative study steps are controlled using "For" and "End For" nodes in COMSOL. Alternatively, from the Extrude from list, select Work plane to extrude objects from a work plane. How to use the General Extrusion coupling operator to probe a solution at a moving point http://comsol.com/c/10mb Here is an interesting question: How can we easily probe the solution at a point that is moving in time, but associated with a stationary geometry?. Logging into your COMSOL Access account enables you to download the documentation for this model as well. -- The general extrusion operation applies a rotational transform. The working fluid is water with properties defined at room temperature and pressure. General Extrusions makes no exclusions with its extrusions. L=\frac{x_s}{2}\sqrt{1+4(\frac{x_s}{d})^2}+\frac{d}{4}\ln(2\frac{x_s}{d}+\sqrt{1+4(\frac{x_s}{d})^2}), we introduced you to Linear Extrusion operators, earlier blog post on Linear Extrusion operators, Using the General Extrusion Coupling Operator in COMSOL: Dynamic Probe, Using General Extrusion Operators to Model Rotation, Using General Extrusion Operators to Model Periodic Structures, Submodeling: How to Analyze Local Effects in Large Models, Postprocessing Local Data Using Component Coupling, Multiscale Modeling in High-Frequency Electromagnetics. It is really a helpful example. In this model, a laser moves radially inwards and outwards over a silicon wafer that is rotating on its stage. Thus, the second line y^iexpression is left blank. The variable Disp is individually defined within each of the three domains, as shown in the figure below. Linear Extrusion operators are easier to build, but their utility is limited to affine transformations.General Extrusion operators are more general but take more work to define. unfortunately, I get the following error. -- This can be either an explicit definition of the source point P_s as a function of P_d or an implicit relation between P_d and P_s. For the final part of the physics set up, we are going to add five boundary loads to the model. Note that while COMSOL employees may participate in the discussion forum, COMSOL software users who are on-subscription should submit their questions via the Support Center for a more comprehensive response from the Technical Support team. Thus, the latter quantity from a source point P_s needs to be copied to the destination entity. at an interface. However, if we want to use variables from a 2D axisymmetric component in the physics node of a 3D component (i.e., thermal expansion), we need to utilize General Extrusion operators. Sample data defined on the xy-plane, centered at the origin. Hello Oluwaseyi, This sounds like a case of a variable name used twice, but you may want to reach out to the support team for help. In this example, a 26-meter excavation is modeled by means of a parametric sweep, with a step size of 2 meters. Why Do Road and Mountain Bikes Have Different Spoke Patterns? When it comes to general nonlinear mappings, General Extrusion operators are necessary. Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. Settings for the General Extrusion operator defined on the stator boundary. In this example, one expression is sufficient enough to uniquely relate any destination point in the square domain to a source point on the parabolic curve. 50K views 6 years ago Creating Geometries in COMSOL Multiphysics: Tutorial Series COMSOL Multiphysics contains a handful of tools to quickly and easily convert 2D planar geometries into 3D. For . Submit feedback about this page or contact support here. Is it possible to do this within GUI, or do i have to do it via MATLAB? How did you select the source in the general extrusion settings? The operator genext1 is not known inside the 3D component comp2; neither is T. If we want to use the temperature from the 2D axisymmetric component as an input in the 3D component, we have to use comp1.genext1(comp1.T). Now that the velocity field is defined throughout the modeling domain, the species concentration at the inlet is defined via the Inflow boundary condition. The Copy Domain mesh feature can copy the mesh exactly, thereby avoiding any interpolation of the flow solution between meshes. It will always be requested to be evaluated at the destination coordinates entered in the settings of the General Extrusion coupling operator. The top and bottom surfaces are thermally insulated, and there are no heat sources. You can fix this by pressing 'F12' on your keyboard, Selecting 'Document Mode' and choosing 'standards' (or the latest version This graph shows the wall deflection or horizontal displacement as a function of depth for different excavation steps. The focus of this blog post is on the transformation T : x_d \rightarrow x_s.. COMSOL Multiphysics offers two coupling operators to specify this mapping: Linear Extrusion operators and General Extrusion operators. Within their design, a common goal is to achieve optimal mixing within a small surface area, hence the serpentine channel. Both source and destination are two-dimensional, as well as the intermediate mesh (srcdim = idim = dstdim). Right: Temperature mapped from the parabola to the domain. First add a size node to make sure the mesh is finer. Hi To implement, define a General Extrusion operator on a boundary parallel to the xy-plane, with the z-expression blank for both the Source Map and a Destination Map. To start a new discussion with a link back to this one, click here. FIGURE 1. Please can you explain what I am doing wrong? This approach, as explained earlier, is limited to cases in which the source and destination are related by affine transformations. Each side of the junction becomes a source entity in one of the extrusion operators, as depicted below. listed if standards is not an option). However, if we neglect the structure near the inlet and the outlet, we can reasonably assume that the flow within the channel bends will be identical between the unit cells. In other words, the operators define the point-to-point map. A prescribed displacement is also needed for the wall_soil boundary created earlier. From the Extrude from list, select Faces to extrude planar faces from the 3D geometry. Such devices feature small channels that are filled with fluids carrying different chemical species. Note that the operator name is kept to its default: genext1. It can be used for a variety of different purposes, examples of which are presented here. To implement, define a General Extrusion operator on a boundary parallel to the xy-plane, with the z-expression blank for both the Source Map and a Destination Map. Stay tuned! Considering a variable defined on the xy-plane within a unit square centered at the origin, as shown above, it is possible to implement a variety of transforms simply via different destination maps, and leaving the source map unchanged. listed if standards is not an option). Similar to the first two, for the third strut, add the third strut boundary and change stage 2 to stage 3. Click the player button again to view all the parameter values in succession. It also provides design assistance and engineering support. Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. Therefore we want stress in the y-direction. General Extrusions makes simple and intricate aluminum shapes through both long and short production runs. Enter the expression for the general extrusion operator from earlier. In the General Extrusion settings window shown above, the labels under Destination Map and Source read x^iexpression and y^iexpression rather than xexpression and yexpression. This button displays the currently selected search type. The upper layer soil, the lower layer soil, and the retaining wall. \rho C_{p} \frac{\partial T}{\partial t} + \rho C_{p} \mathbf{u} \cdot \nabla T = \nabla \cdot (k \nabla T). I need to obtain a whole bunch of data in the variables section, ef., Mass fraction, Density and others. This gap means that we cannot connect them via pair-based continuity conditions and we then resort to the General Extrusion coupling to connect the ~2000 disjoint boundaries however with the default settings it fails to find suitable source points across the large gaps one solution is then to go to Advancedand switch the Mesh search method to Closest point- this works, but with one notable drawback: Solution time for our 3M DOF model is now 2233s the factor of 26 in solution time relative to the model without couplings can be costly, if we are to use our model in any kind of auxiliary-/parametric sweep or optimization loop. Computing and Visualizing Satellite Orbits in COMSOL, Introduction to the Elastic Waves, Time Explicit Interface. Today, we have discussed how to use General Extrusion operators to create mappings for copying variables from one part of a simulation domain to another. Click plot to view the displacement at the different excavation depths. To implement the normal current boundary condition on side 1, we need access to the electric potential V_2 on side 2. Enter in the equation shown which is the ramp function of the wall deflection, with an added term limiting the expression to occur only when the depth is below the strut. We want an operator that will copy from a point on the parabola to a point in the square, such that the distance of the destination point from the origin is equal to the length of the segment of the parabola between the origin and the source point. The model in question is called Laser Heating of a Silicon Wafer, and can be found in the Model Gallery. There are four sets of results showing the deformation of the soil and retaining wall, the plastic deformation, wall deflection, and the surface settlement. I have defined a general extrusion coupling operator to obtain the dependent variable (in my heat transfer case, the temperature "T") at a boundary. There are two ways to model an excavation in COMSOL Multiphysics, both of which include a parametric sweep. In an upcoming blog post, we will walk you through how to use the operator to map cross-sectional data from one or several cross sections onto another cross section for geometries where the cross section dimensions do not change over the length of interest. listed if standards is not an option). Add a soil plasticity node and you can see that the yield criterion is DruckerPrager, but we still want to match it to the Mohr-Coulomb criterion. They are not necessarily pertaining to the x or y coordinates in the source or destination. Within the original domain, a displacement of zero is used. This consent may be withdrawn. General Extrusions is owned and run by the Schuler family.Read More. A linear mapping built using a General Extrusion operator. Given an expression defined on a plane, e.g., the xy-plane, it is desired to map this data along the z direction. One option involves a sweep of the geometry, removing the geometry (excavation) one step at a time. In our earlier blog post on Linear Extrusion operators, we considered an affine mapping that pairs up points 1, 4, and 2 in the source domain to points 1, 5, and 3 in the destination domain. Posted 15 feb 2011, 16:18 UTC Now that the velocity field is defined throughout the modeling domain, the species concentration at the inlet is defined via the Inflow boundary condition. Image by IX-factory STK Own work, via Wikimedia Commons. listed if standards is not an option). Adding a General Extrusion coupling operator.The green vector field is the transport term used to model the wafer rotation. The General Extrusion operator will map data from the boundary into the volume, along the z direction, as shown in the following screenshots. Mapping of data defined on a boundary (left) along the direction normal to the plane and into a volume (right). General extrusion is one way to couple. Submit feedback about this page or contact support here. One option is to use the General Extrusion coupling operator. Version 4.1 We can then consider examples in which the General Extrusion operator must be used. General Extrusions is owned and run by the Schuler family. It can be done in one model if just the physics are changing. To add a General Extrusion operator, we go to Definitions > Component Couplings > General Extrusion. If we know this ahead of time, it is possible to exploit the periodicity to reduce computational requirements. In this example, the operator is used by the Transport of Diluted Species interface to define the velocity field (illustrated below). All selected faces must lie in the same plane. Right click the Boundary Load 3 node to rename it Strut_1. Settings used to revolve data about the azimuthal axis of a cylindrical coordinate system. Mapping of data between different components in the model to perform submodeling, Mapping between components to extract results on different geometries, 2023 by COMSOL. Instead, at every destination point, it first evaluates T_d(x_d,y_d) and carries out a mesh search operation to find the point on the source where this evaluation matches T_s(x_s,y_s). The effect of the rotation of the wafer is modeled through a transport term in the governing heat transfer equation: The transport term in this equation, \bf{u}, is used to account for the rotation of the wafer, so it is not necessary to explicitly rotate the geometry. Right-click study 1 to compute the model. En fournissant votre adresse email, vous acceptez de recevoir des emails de COMSOL AB et de ses filiales propos du Blog COMSOL, et acceptez que COMSOL traite vos informations conformment sa Politique de confidentialit. This time in the x direction and using the second general extrusion operator in the u0 field. At a point P_d in the destination entity, we want to compute a quantity that is a function of another quantity defined at the source entity. I hope I have not missed it. We begin by adding the General Extrusion coupling operator from the definitions toolbar as shown in the screenshot below: Check out our Deep Excavation Model for more information. Adding a General Extrusion coupling operator.The green vector field is the transport term used to model the wafer rotation. I believe so, you need to define how your "y" is reduced, that is is it simply dropped or do you integrate along y ? We can similarly evaluate the temperature at any other point. The following types of Extrusion Coupling Operators are available: The model is solved in two steps first, the Laminar Flow physics interface is solved, and then the Transport of Diluted Species interface is solved. In the COMSOL multiphysics user guide you can find a better explanation of how to use the general projection operator. Although it is not strictly necessary to do so, the mesh is copied from the one domain used to solve for the fluid flow to all of the other domains. Now we will use the operators in the physics nodes to implement the boundary conditions. Click replace expression and go to solid mechanics, displacement, and choose total displacement. Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. The approach we have applied here is appropriate for any instance in which a spatially repeating solution needs to be utilized by other physics. For example, if you would rather follow the point on the geometry that corresponds to the focal point of the moving laser, you would enter the time-varying coordinates of the focal point of the laser. point 2 there simply involves time varying coordinates of the focal point of the laser beam in the example model : http://www.comsol.com/model/laser-heating-of-a-silicon-wafer-13835. The extrusion operators constrain the normal displacement between the retaining wall and soil, forcing them to stay in contact. They appear in the Input faces list. This site is under development. I would try to clarify further if necessary. Next, well look at how to use a General Extrusion operator to specify implicit relations. The Graphics Window: Effective and Beautiful Postprocessing, Generating Microsoft PowerPoint Slideshows from Your Models, Combining Adaptive Mesh Refinement with Data Filtering. Mapping of data defined on a cross section (left) around an axis of symmetry and into a volume (right). I have a 1D model (time dependent) and a 2D model (stationary). This problem can be solved by using a General Extrusion coupling operator to dynamically map the solution at a particular point (moving or stationary) onto a fixed source. The destination map here consists of the transient coordinates where we would like to evaluate temperature. Alle Rechte vorbehalten. When this check box is left unchecked, COMSOL Multiphysics assumes that we have explicit expressions for each coordinate of the source as functions of coordinates of the destination. This works and solution time is reduced to 118s so much more in line with the case without gaps! You can fix this by pressing 'F12' on your keyboard, Selecting 'Document Mode' and choosing 'standards' (or the latest version Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. If the nonlocal couplings you want to simulate are not included in the built-in features of COMSOL Multiphysics, you can use the strategies youve learned today to implement them. A similar boundary condition is used on the bottom side of the junction. Settings used to map data from a boundary parallel to the xy-plane along the z direction. Hi, The electric potential on one side of the gap is accessed from the other side by using an extrusion operator in order to compute the current density flowing across the gap. Therefore, we can greatly reduce our model by solving only for the fluid flow within one unit cell and patterning this flow solution throughout the modeling domain for the convection-diffusion problem. The Linear Extrusion operator defines a linear extrusion that maps between geometric parts of the same dimension. If the mapping is affine, it is sufficient to know how some points in the source correspond to points in the destination entity. BLOG Using the General Extrusion Coupling Operator in COMSOL: Dynamic Probe BLOG Accessing Nonlocal Variables with Linear Extrusion Operators KNOWLEDGE BASE Understanding the Fully Coupled vs.
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