There is some evidence that they advanced into Egypt after the Israelites departed since Egypt was in ruins and could be easily conquered. 14:4445) against the divine command and was punished by sustaining a shattering blow at the hands of the Amalekites and Canaanites who inhabited the hill country, the former no doubt being confined to its southernmost end (Num. But why did he do it? Obviously, some Amalekites escaped Saul's army. God also gave each an opportunity to repent before He judged them. How to Make a Black glass pass light through it? 5:23). For an Rabbanic explanation of Timna lineage see. It does not store any personal data. ), they were one of the first nations the Israelites encountered. Seir, killed the survivors of Amalek, and settled there. 41 The Son of Man will send his angels, and they will gather out of his kingdom all causes of sin and all law-breakers, 42 and throw them into the fiery furnace. Answer The Amalekites were a formidable tribe of nomads living in the area south of Canaan, between Mount Seir and the Egyptian border. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Moreover, the attack of the Amalekites upon the Israelites encouraged others. David also Judg 10:12). August 21, 2017. They were nomadic and moved around. Without raising the possibility of textual reconstruction in detail, it may be established, by drawing a parallel with the element "people," which appears repeatedly in this song, that the name Amalek in the masoretic text is the authentic one. [7] This role appears in several stories: In Genesis 14:7, the "field of the Amalekites" is mentioned, though the person Amalek had not yet been born. What are the advantages of running a power tool on 240 V vs 120 V? The Amalekites seem to have been fairly well controlled under the monarchy, for the OT does not mention them again until the time of Hezekiah (c. 700 b.c.) 30:17,18 ASV). 1 Sam. 11 And the sons of Eliphaz were Teman, Omar, Zeph. During the Purim festival, the Book of Esther is read in the commemoration of the saving of the Jewish people from Haman who plotted to kill all Jews in Persian Empire. We have many examples including the giant king Og. The king attacked and conquered this foe with their city called Amalek (1 Sam 15:4-7) the exact location of which is not known. 12:15), but serves to indicate the warlike nature of Ephraim, beside Benjamin. 1998. One of the descendants is the Amorites. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". This verse records the words of God through the prophet Samuel to Saul, "Now go and attack the Amalekites and completely destroy everything they have. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 1 Samuel 30:1, 2 points to the Amalekite heavy raiding activity in the area of the Negeb, and Judges 6:3, 33 in speaking of the Amalekite association with the kings of the E in their raiding parties suggests that they may have lived sometime together in the Arabian territory toward the E. The Amalekites also extended their influence farther N into the Philistine country and the region of Ephraim. In Leviticus 27:32, a rod was used by the priests to count the tithe. Introduction: In chapter 15, God judged first the Amalekites and then Saul. A comparison of texts like Deuteronomy 1:44 and Numbers 14:45 suggests that the Amorites and the Amalekites were two ways of referring to the same people. That is pretty large distance of battle between Arabia and Egypt. If it helps, 1 Samuel 15:8-9, Saul did spared the king of Amalekites, Agag. See 1 Samuel 15:7 where Saul is said to have defeated the Amalekites, from Havilah as far as Shur, which is east of Egypt. This seems to have been the same general area inhabited by the Ishmaelites about whom it is stated: They dwelt from Havilah to Shur, which is opposite Egypt in the direction of Assyria (Gen 25:18). The most immediate answer would seem to be that unlike the people of Ninevah, the Amalekites did not repent, though they were given plenty of time to do so. This may indicate that Agag's military success was proverbial. Omissions? Both Joshua and Moses are a prophetic picture of Yeshua the Messiah. In the light of Amaleks past harassment of Israel the Lord commanded Saul to exterminate this enemy (1 Sam 15:1-3). [24], Alternatively, during the Islamic Golden Age, certain Arabic writings claimed that the Amalekites existed long before Abraham. The dispute between Samuel and Saul with regard to the erem was not over the command itself, but the extent to which it had been put into effect. The Amalekites were not completely destroyed by Saul, since at the end of his reign they were still raiding the Negev of the Cherethites, of Judah, and of Caleb, and the town of Ziklag, that had been assigned by King Achish of Gath to David (I Sam. Amalekites had taken; and David rescued his two wives. Although the story of David's victory over the Amalekites is intended to add to his glory, it need not be doubted that it reflects an historical truth about David's wars against the desert tribes in his premonarchial period, being distinguished by exact topographical indications, by correct military-legal conduct, and the division of booty among the cities of Judah and of the Negev (30:9, 2131). 3:1) who is regarded as a descendant of Agag (I Sam. Pharoah took Abrahams wife Sarah for his own. In Judaism, three of the 613 mitzvot (commandments) involve Amalek: to remember what the Amalekites did to the Israelites, not to forget what the Amalekites did to Israelites, and to destroy the Amalekites utterly. What was the sin of the Amalekites? [30][31], According to the Midrash, the Amalekites were sorcerers who could transform themselves to resemble animals, in order to avoid capture. The Amalekites (/mlkats/[6]) were considered to be Amalek's descendants through the genealogy of Esau. They persisted and progressed in sin and wickedness. So we should probably think of Agag as an important Amalekite clan leader, not a formal king of the 'nation' of Amalek. Despite the "pre-deuteronomic" literary framework of chapter 15 and its prophetic-ideological aim, embedded in it is an ancient historical tradition about a war of extermination that reflects Saul's war against Amalek. Amalek and Israel. Moses holding up his arms during the Battle of Refidim, assisted by Hur and Aaron, in John Everett Millais Victory O Lord! The end of the age will involve first separation, and only then, renewal and restoration. For example, Rabbi Hayim Palaggi stated: We can rely on the maxim that in ancient times, Sennacherib confused the lineage of many nations. New International Version (NIV). This brought a curse of ultimate annihilation from Moses (Ex 17:14-16, Deut 25:19) and Balaam (Num 24:20). That means that God gave the Amalekites more than 400 years to turn from their wicked ways as compared to the 40 days that he gave to the people of Nineveh but unlike the Ninevites, the Amalekites did not repent. It is a reminder that the wages of sin is death. Was David responsible for Saul's insane order to slaughter everyone in the city of Nob (1 Sam. Although Samuel alludes to Amalek's provocation of Israel, "in opposing them on the way, when they came up out of Egypt" (15:2), there is no mention of the battle of Rephidim and of the victorious war of Moses and Joshua. In some rabbinical interpretations, Amalek is etymologised as am lak, 'a people who lick (blood)',[2] but most specialists regard the origin to be unknown.[3]. Your answer could be improved with additional supporting information. David pursued the Amalekites, defeated all but four hundred of them, and took back all that had been stolen ( 1 Samuel 30:17-20 ). Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. Num. [13] This is probably based on the association of this tribal group with the steppe region of ancient Israel and the area of Kadesh (Genesis 14:7). Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Moses appointed Joshua to lead the Israelite army not because of his own weakness or advanced years but because he wished "to train Joshua in warfare" (Mekhilta, 179; Ex. people spared the best of the sheep and of the oxen, to sacrifice unto The Apostle Paul said: For the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord. (Romans 6:23 ESV). Their final defeat occurred in the time of Hezekiah. Now if the Hebrew Samarians went to war with Assyria and lost and the New Samarians went to war with Assyria decades later did Assyria fight the same people group? In Judaism, the Amalekites came to represent the archetypal enemy of the Jews. Access 50+ premium resources. The decisive clash between Israel and Amalek came only with the advent of the monarchy, in the famous Amalekite war of Saul. In the course of time this biblical injunction became so deeply rooted in Jewish thought that many important enemies of Israel were identified as direct descendants of Amalek. Joshua the valiant warrior defeated the Amalekites militarily, while at the same time Moses was perched on a hill overlooking the battlefield with his arms raised to heaven. The. Their supposed founder was one Esau's sons, namely Amalek. When some men of Judah went down to fight against the Canaanites who exercised some control over the Negeb and the area of Hebron, presumably they also came in contact with the Amalekites who roamed the same general area. Just as the weeds are gathered and burned with fire, so will it be at the end of the age. Seir means Edom, in light of the fact that the concept "Seir" may be applied to a variety of regions (e.g., Josh. The Amalekites survived by living amongst other tribes. They did this for no reasons except violence and greed. The Book of Exodus relates that Joshua fought against Amalek under the inspiration of Moses, who was supported by Aaron and Hur, and that he mowed them down with the sword. As a people, the Amalekites were identified as a recurrent enemy of the Israelites. Matthew George Easton advocated that the Amalekites were not descendants of Amalek by taking a literal approach to Genesis 14:7. ). Contrary to Gods command, Saul kept alive the Amalekite king and the best of their livestock (vv. Why did God want to destroy the Amalekites? Their first encounter with Israel was when they attacked the rear of Israel but were defeated by Joshua at Rephidim (Ex 17:8-13, Deut 25:17, 18). identifies Amalek with Rome (Bacher, Tann, 1 (19302), 146). Each rebelled against God and refused to repent out of pride. Further, in their song (Judg 5:14) Deborah (who was from Ephraim, 4:5) and Barak speak of how Ephraim had shown strength in rooting out those of the Amalekites who were in its midst (cf. 3:1213). They had attacked Ziklag and burned it, 2 and had taken captive the women and everyone else in it, both young and old. Among these traditions we find that Amalekites attacked the Israelites in a pitched battle at Rephidim, which, to judge by the Bible (Ex. That is the danger of dominion. Was Samuel referring to Saul in 1 Samuel 8:10-17? Genesis 36 refers to the descendants of Amalek, the son of Eliphaz and grandson of Esau, as . 2 The Lord All-Powerful says: 'When the Israelites came out of Egypt, the Amalekites tried to stop them from going to Canaan. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. 3:26) and the areas mentioned in the previous verses (I Chron. More metaphorically, to some Hasidic rabbis (particularly the Baal Shem Tov), Amalek represents atheism or the rejection of God. By the time Aaron died, the final location of the Staff was lost, although it was believed to have been stolen from Solomons Temple around the same time as the Ark of the Covenant. Eynei Kol ai, 73, on Sanhedrin 96b. 16 And the LORD God commanded the man, saying, You may surely eat of every tree of the garden, 17 but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die. (Genesis 2:1517 ESV). Did God permit David to marry numerous wives in 2 Samuel 12:8? Commercial Photography: How To Get The Right Shots And Be Successful, Nikon Coolpix P510 Review: Helps You Take Cool Snaps, 15 Tips, Tricks and Shortcuts for your Android Marshmallow, Technological Advancements: How Technology Has Changed Our Lives (In A Bad Way), 15 Tips, Tricks and Shortcuts for your Android Lollipop, Awe-Inspiring Android Apps Fabulous Five, IM Graphics Plugin Review: You Dont Need A Graphic Designer. When the Israelites traveled into Canaan, they discovered the Amalekites, who inhabited the northern Sinai Peninsula and the Negev. --This decree was entrusted to Joshua in the first instance, as the "servant of the Book" ( Exodus 17:14 ); here it is enjoined upon the nation of Israel. It is possible that this tradition is based on abortive attempts by Israel to expand its holdings in the South during the premonarchic period (see Num. 25:1219), for in the early days "the wars of Israel" and the "wars of the Lord" were synonymous expressions (cf., e.g., Judg. And David smote them from the twilight even unto the evening of the That is why Gods partial acts of judgment and mitigation in the Old Testament tend to be broad and all-encompassing in their scope. A summary of Davids conquests of Amalek is given in 2 Samuel 8:12 and 1 Chronicles 18:11. He said: I will make of you a great nation, and I will bless you and make your name great, so that you will be a blessing. The Hebrew word used in 1 Samuel 15:7 has the same meaning as in 1 Samuel 15:4 (and 15:20). [24][25] It is, however, possible that the name Amalek may have been given to two different nations. In the biblical genealogical system, Amalek is the son of Esau's son Eliphaz by Eliphaz's concubine Timna (Gen. 36:12). How come David fought an Amalekite army that Saul had allegedly eradicated a few years earlier? The immediate reason given for the destruction of the Amalekites in 1 Samuel 15 is given in verse 2: Thus says the LORD of hosts, I have noted what Amalek did to Israel in opposing them on the way when they came up out of Egypt. An ancient marauding people in the S of Canaan and the Negeb who were fierce enemies of Israel particularly in the earlier part of her history. More closely historical than the Pentateuch's accounts of Amalek are the traditions set in the period of the Judges and the monarchy. But if anyone does sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous. Perhaps the author merely wishes to define the normal range of the nomadic Amalekites in the time of Saul. Thus, the continuing oppressive spirit of this pagan nomadic tribe required a different treatment by the Lord from that which was to be normally carried out; namely, that terms of peace be first offered to a potential enemy (Deut 20:10-12). From this chapter, God reveals sevens lessons about His judgment. [14][15] An earlier hypothesis held that the Tel Masos site was an Israelite settlement mentioned in the Bible as Hormah. King David fought several battles with the Amalekites (1 Sam 27:8, 30:1, 17, 18). It is unimaginable that such a juxtaposition would have been possible after the consciousness of the divine war of extermination against Amalek had taken root in Israel. That principle is immediately illustrated later in the chapter. 8, 9). 2. How old was David when he fought Goliath? Horeb. This is perhaps the most widely ignored command in the Bible. What is meant by "the sin of the Amorites is not yet complete" in Genesis 15:16? Do not spare them, but kill both man and woman, child and infant, ox and sheep, camel and donkey.'" . The command itself leaves little room for compassion or mercy: Thus says the LORD of hosts, I have noted what Amalek did to Israel in opposing them on the way when they came up out of Egypt. Amalek was not destroyed, however, and at the end of this war Moses was ordered to write in a document, as a reminder, that the Lord would one day blot out the memory of Amalek from under the heaven. 25:19 Not to forget Amalek's atrocities and ambush on our journey from Egypt in the desert, Some commentators have discussed the ethical deficiency of the commandment to exterminate all the Amalekites, especially including the command to kill children, and the presumption of collective punishment. What does the word Baca mean in the Bible? 6 Where was Moses holding up his arms during the Battle of Refidim? This implies that Israel is commanded to wage a holy war of extermination against Amalek (Deut. The reason for the Lords concern about disobedient Israels encountering Amalek and other enemies without His special power was that the Amalekites who dwelt in both the hill country and in the valleys of S Canaan and the Negeb, were effective fighters in both areas (Num 14:25, 44, 45). Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. They were a warlike people. Don't leave a thing; kill all the men, women, children, and babies; the cattle, sheep, camels, and donkeys." International Standard Version Now, go and attack Amalek. The psalm is a hymn psalm, one of the Royal psalms, praising God as the King of His people. In Genesis 15 God says to Abraham that his people shall sojourn in Egypt until the time of their redemption corresponds with the end of the grace period extended to the Amorites: And they shall come back here in the fourth generation, for the iniquity of the Amorites is not yet complete. (Genesis 15:16 ESV). 24:18, 20). The name "Amalek" can refer to the nation's founder, a grandson of Esau; his descendants, the Amalekites; or the territories of Amalek, which they inhabited. When they leave Rephidim, the Israelites advance into the Sinai Wilderness, possibly marching through the passes of the Wadi Solaf and the Wadi esh-Sheikh, which converge at the entrance to the er-Rahah plain (which would then be identified with the Sinai Wilderness), which is three kilometers long and about eight hundred metres wide. What is this brick with a round back and a stud on the side used for? Haman in the Book of Esther was a descendant of the king Agag that Samuel executed (see 4 above). He Was a Descendant of Amalek The Book of Esther tells us that Haman was a descendant of Amalek , a nation known for its hatred of the Jewish people. In the wilderness wanderings. [16] It has been further argued that if the identification of the settlements at Tel Masos with the Amalekites is correct, then behind the biblical narrative of Saul's campaigns against this central Amalekite station of the southern network of metal transportation and trade, there may have been a strategic desire to wrest control of copper production, a metal of key importance in the early Israelite period and, it is argued, in its early theology and ritual.[17]. In 1 Samuel 13 and 1 Samuel 15, for which act of Saul's disobedience did God take away the kingdom? Though the Amalekites are not mentioned in the table of nations in Genesis 10, in Numbers 24:20 they are referred to as "first among the nations.". Esau was the older brother of Jacob (who became Israel). In the wilderness wanderings. This is seen by observing the Kenites who lived with the Amalekites at the city of Amalek (1 Sam 15:5, 6) and that they earlier had taken up this residence with the people in the region of the Negeb near Arad (Judg 1:16), which was only about twenty m. S of Hebron. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". According to the Midrash, the Amalekites were sorcerers who could transform themselves to resemble animals, in order to avoid capture. The answer is NO. The Amalekites were the descendants of Amalek, who was the son of Eliphaz (son of Esau, ancestor of the Edomites) and Eliphaz's concubine Timna (Genesis 36:12). The district over which they ranged was south of Judah and probably extended into northern Arabia. Judg 12:15 and remarks earlier). In the period of the Judges. vs06 I edited your question, feel free to revert to original or edit further as you wish. King Saul , ancestor of Esther and Mordechai , failed to follow Gd 's command to get rid of the Amalekite king Agag , and the events of Purim can thus be seen as a "rematch" for this . The New Testament Apostles did not understand that reality to have been nullified by the Gospel of Jesus Christ, rather they understood this Old Testament story, and others like it, as: an example of what is going to happen to the ungodly (2 Peter 2:6 ESV). According to I Samuel 15:7, "Saul defeated the Amalekites from Havilah all the way to Shur, which is east of (or close to) Egypt." People are free to rebel, if they choose, but the consequence of such rebellion will be death. In Genesis 15 God says to Abraham that his people shall sojourn in Egypt until the time of their redemption corresponds with the end of the grace . This book was written to address and resolve the 600 year disparity between Biblical history and secular ancient history. But 1 Sam 15 reports that Saul defeated them "from Havilah as far as Shur, which is east of Egypt." Does a password policy with a restriction of repeated characters increase security? They were among the nomadic raiders defeated by Gideon and were condemned to annihilation by Samuel. [25] According to Samuel Cox, the Amalekites were the "first" in their hostility toward the Israelites. Exodus 17 describes Israel's first encounter with the wandering Amalekites at Rephidim, a place between the wilderness of Sin and the wilderness of Sinai (Exod 17:1; 19:2), at which the Israelites camped in their Exodus journey from There may be geographical significance in the listing of Amalek after Edom in the Song of Balaam (Num. According to the Bible, Amalek was the first enemy that Israel encountered after the crossing of the Sea of Reeds. Samuel executed their king Agag (1 Sam 15) because Saul had not! He was rebuked by God for not doing just that. 23 And not only the creation, but we ourselves, who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, groan inwardly as we wait eagerly for adoption as sons, the redemption of our bodies. (Romans 8:2223 ESV). All Rights Reserved Bridger, David. That is possible but we do not have any documentation. Inasmuch as contemporary archaeology has convinced most biblicists that the biblical traditions of enslavement in Egypt, wilderness wandering, and conquest of the land are unhistorical, traditions about Amalek and Israel in the pre-settlement period probably reflect later realities. The Amalekites and the people of the East joined the Midianite raids on the Israelites in the time of Gideon, and, like true desert tribes, undoubtedly participated in the destruction of the crops, as related in the Book of Judges (6:17). 23:7 -- "You shall not abhor an Edomite for he is your brother.". Effect of a "bad grade" in grad school applications. (1871). 3. resting places. The command imposed on Saul to subject the Amalekites to the ban (erem), however, conforms to the version in Deuteronomy. This is the inner logic that explains the sequence of redemption. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Observing this connection, there is no need, as some have attempted, to emend the text of Judges 1:16 from the people (Heb. If you have any questions, please review our Privacy Policy or email us at privacy@biblegateway.com. In Genesis 2:15-17 we are told: The LORD God took the man and put him in the garden of Eden to work it and keep it. Saul only targeted the Amalekites who lived in the Havilah to Shur region (1 Samuel 15:7). [27], Although Egyptian and Assyrian monumental inscriptions and records of the period survive which list various tribes and peoples of the area, no reference has ever been found to Amalek or the Amalekites. All human beings stand under a sentence of death: for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God (Romans 3:23 ESV). The new inhabitants are now referred to as Samarians. Corrections? You never know. [57], According to Christian Hofreiter, historically almost all Christian authorities and theologians have interpreted the herem passages as referring to real, historical events when God commanded the Israelites to exterminate all the members of particular nations. Despite the title "king" the Amalekites were not a nation with fixed borders and a centralized administrative structure. Id say yes, if I had to guess. Rashi explains the third commandment: From man unto woman, from infant unto suckling, from ox unto sheep, so that the name of Amalek not be mentioned even with reference to an animal by saying "This animal belonged to Amalek". Thus says the LORD of hosts, I have noted what Amalek did to Israel in opposing them on the way when they came up out of Egypt. During the reign of Hezekiah, 500 Simeonites annihilated the remnant of the Amalekites, so God is not still at war with the Amalek. King Herod and his family were Idumean [Edomite] converts to Judaism, and Amalekites may have lived there long after the tribe fades from the biblical record. I'd be interested if that Amalekite bloodline still survives aka Hitler etc. At first these nations were afraid to join Amalek, but he persuaded them by saying: "Come, and I shall advise you what to do. First, God gave the Amalekites 400 years to repent before He judged them of . It only takes a minute to sign up. [23] C. Knight elaborates this concept by making a comparison: one might say "Caesar went into France", though Gaul only later became known as France. In Judaism, the Amalekites came to represent the archetypal enemy of the Jews. As descendants of Esau they had despised the covenant themselves and now were determined that none others could have access to what they had rejected. Five centuries later, as recorded in the story of Esther, an evil man named Haman plotted genocide against the Jews in Persia during the reign of Xerxes. The biblical account records events as described by Saul, which, given his character, may not have been the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. The Amalekites were a people of the Negev and adjoining desert that were a hereditary enemy of Israel from wilderness times to the early monarchy. There is no further Biblical reference. William Morrow and Company, Inc. 1991. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Next, the Amalekite who claimed he had finished killing Saul (cf. 13:21) and the kings of ana in Mari, whose main function may have been a military one. Some believe that this Amalekite patronage of the Kenites is also mentioned in Judges 1:16, reading (in accordance with a few Septuagint manuscripts and the Latin Vulgate version) "and they settled with the Amalekite" instead of "and they settled with the people." They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. The Amalekites took part in the battles in the valley of Jezreel (6:33; 7:12) and perhaps also in the Jordan Valley, but there is no evidence that Gideon also fought with the Amalekites in his pursuit of the Midianites in Transjordan. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? In the Book of Exodus, the Amalekites attacked the Children of Israel on their journey to the land of Israel. Where was Moses holding up his arms during the Battle of Refidim? 15:6). 17:6, 7, 816; 18:5), is in the neighborhood of Horeb; if the locality Massah and Meribah (17:7) is to be found in the region of Kadesh-Barnea or is identical with it (Num. Amalekite, member of an ancient nomadic tribe, or collection of tribes, described in the Old Testament as relentless enemies of Israel, even though they were closely related to Ephraim, one of the 12 tribes of Israel. The most outstanding example is "Haman the Agagite" (Esth. These they were unwilling to destroy completely, but everything that was despised and weak they totally destroyed. In rabbinic literature, the reasons for the unusual eternal remembrance of Amalek are the following: (1) Amalek is the irreconcilable enemy and it is forbidden to show mercy foolishly to one wholly dedicated to the destruction of Israel (PR 12:47). According to 1 Samuel 14:47, 48 the king had fought against this enemy. In Jewish history the Amalekitesa tribe with genocidal intentions against God's peoplecame to symbolize all those who sought to eradicate the Jewish people, from Titus to Hadrian, Khmelnitsky to Hitler. Samuel's words more closely parallel the narrative about the attack of Amalek in the Book of Deuteronomy (25:1719), which relates that the Amalekites attacked the Israelites on their way out of Egypt, "when you were famished and weary," and cut down the stragglers in the rear, without mentioning any victorious Israelite counteraction. These locations are uncertain but probably do not account for every nomadic clan of Amalekites, especially if they lived among other groups. 1 Samuel 14 and 15 present Sauls encounter with the Amalekites. The magnitude of the Amalekite defeat in the days of Saul is apparently reflected in the pronouncement of Balaam: "Their (i.e., Israel's) king shall rise above Agag, their kingdom shall be exalted" (Num. 7 Where did the Israelites go after leaving Rephidim? These verses relate that some of the Simeonites went to Mt. Amalek is described as the "chief of Amalek" among the "chiefs of the sons of Esau," from which it is assumed that he ruled a clan or territory named after him . He was keeping track of the measure of their sins, and, during Abraham's time, it was not yet "full." So the Amorites were warned that judgment was coming.
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